Pomodoro Technique with Google Glass (2/3)

Hello, this is YOSHIMURA, researching on wearable devices at ATL. This time, we are going to make a prototype of the timer with Android.

Architecture

Here we divide the architectures into two parts as in a theory; for a main screen Activity + custom a href=”http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/View.html” title=”View | Android Developers”>View, and for time tracking and making a sound Service.

Making a main screen

Let’s make another custom view to avoid the concentration of logic in Activity.

Making a time view

We are going to make TimerView.

First, center the layout with TextView. Make sure you explicitly specify Roboto by using the fontFamily property.

res/layout/view_timer.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<frameLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <linearLayout
        android:id="@+id/timer"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center|center_vertical">
        <textView
            android:id="@+id/min"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
            android:fontFamily="sans-serif-thin"
            android:textSize="96sp"
            android:text="25" />
        <textView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
            android:paddingLeft="12dp"
            android:paddingRight="12dp"
            android:fontFamily="sans-serif-thin"
            android:textSize="96sp"
            android:text=":" />
        <textView
            android:id="@+id/sec"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
            android:fontFamily="sans-serif-thin"
            android:textSize="96sp"
            android:text="00" />
    </linearLayout>
</frameLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<frameLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent">

<linearLayout

android:id="@+id/timer"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center|center_vertical">

<textView

android:id="@+id/min"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

android:fontFamily="sans-serif-thin"

android:textSize="96sp"

android:text="25" />

<textView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

android:paddingLeft="12dp"

android:paddingRight="12dp"

android:fontFamily="sans-serif-thin"

android:textSize="96sp"

android:text=":" />

<textView

android:id="@+id/sec"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

android:fontFamily="sans-serif-thin"

android:textSize="96sp"

android:text="00" />

</linearLayout>

</frameLayout>

Let me write down a minimum logic.

src/main/java/com/gmail/altakey/myapplication/TimerView.java:

package com.gmail.altakey.myapplication;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class TimerView extends FrameLayout {
    private TextView mMinutes;
    private TextView mSeconds;
    public TimerView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init(context);
    }
    public TimerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init(context);
    }
    public TimerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        init(context);
    }
    private void init(final Context c) {
        final View v = View.inflate(c, R.layout.view_timer, this);
        mMinutes = (TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.min);
        mSeconds = (TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.sec);
    }
    public void setRemaining(final long remainingMillis) {
        final TimerReader reader = new TimerReader(remainingMillis);
        mMinutes.setText(String.format("%02d", reader.minutes));
        mSeconds.setText(String.format("%02d", reader.seconds));
    }
}

package com.gmail.altakey.myapplication;

import android.content.Context;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.FrameLayout;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class TimerView extends FrameLayout {

private TextView mMinutes;

private TextView mSeconds;

public TimerView(Context context) {

super(context);

init(context);

}

public TimerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(context, attrs);

init(context);

}

public TimerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {

super(context, attrs, defStyle);

init(context);

}

private void init(final Context c) {

final View v = View.inflate(c, R.layout.view_timer, this);

mMinutes = (TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.min);

mSeconds = (TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.sec);

}

public void setRemaining(final long remainingMillis) {

final TimerReader reader = new TimerReader(remainingMillis);

mMinutes.setText(String.format("%02d", reader.minutes));

mSeconds.setText(String.format("%02d", reader.seconds));

}

src/main/java/com/gmail/altakey/myapplication/TimerReader.java:

package com.gmail.altakey.myapplication;

public class TimerReader {
    public long seconds;
    public long minutes;
    public long remaining;
    public TimerReader(long remaining) {
        remaining = ((long)Math.ceil(remaining / 1000.0)) * 1000;
        seconds = remaining / 1000 % 60;
        minutes = remaining / 60000;
        this.remaining = remaining;
    }
    public long getElapsed(final long due) {
        return due - remaining;
    }
}

package com.gmail.altakey.myapplication;

public class TimerReader {

public long seconds;

public long minutes;

public long remaining;

public TimerReader(long remaining) {

remaining = ((long)Math.ceil(remaining / 1000.0)) * 1000;

seconds = remaining / 1000 % 60;

minutes = remaining / 60000;

this.remaining = remaining;

}

public long getElapsed(final long due) {

return due - remaining;

}

If you preview this, it will look like this below.

Making Activity

Once you have finished those, set those into Activity. All you need to do is just fit in the layout.

res/layout/activity_my.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<com.gmail.altakey.myapplication.TimerView
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</p>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<com.gmail.altakey.myapplication.TimerView

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</p>

Then, you will see the rendering in this way eventually. This is easy.

Let me put down the logic now. You have 4 steps to go; 1) Run, and at the same time startup the service, 2) Display a menu when tapped, 3) Reset a timer with Reset, and 4) Finish it with Exit.

1) Control service

When Activity is run and onCreate is called as usual, startup the service. From the service by using LocalBroadcastReceiver you will receive the timer display update request.

src/main/java/com/gmail/altakey/myapplication/MainActivity.java:

    private BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);
        ...
        mReceiver = new TickReceiver(v);
        ...
        final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);
        intent.setAction(TimerService.ACTION_START);
        startService(intent);
    }
...
    private static class TickReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
        private TimerView mView;
        public TickReceiver(final TimerView v) {
            mView = v;
        }
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            mView.setRemaining(intent.getLongExtra(TimerService.KEY_REMAINING, 0));
        }
    }

private BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);

...

mReceiver = new TickReceiver(v);

...

final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);

intent.setAction(TimerService.ACTION_START);

startService(intent);

}

...

private static class TickReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

private TimerView mView;

public TickReceiver(final TimerView v) {

mView = v;

}

@Override

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

mView.setRemaining(intent.getLongExtra(TimerService.KEY_REMAINING, 0));

}

2) Display a menu

Menu is displayed when it is tapped. You can use just normal a href=”http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/menus.html#options-menu” title=”Menus | Android Developers”>Options Menu at this time. Its appearance is very different from the one in the Glass Menu, but making a good one now is kind of wasting time (you will see the notice next time!), so forget it and just use it.

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        ...
        final TimerView v = (TimerView)findViewById(R.id.timer);
        v.setOnClickListener(new TapAction());
        ...
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.my, menu);
        return true;
    }
...
    private class TapAction implements View.OnClickListener {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            openOptionsMenu();
        }
    }

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

...

final TimerView v = (TimerView)findViewById(R.id.timer);

v.setOnClickListener(new TapAction());

...

}

@Override

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.my, menu);

return true;

}

...

private class TapAction implements View.OnClickListener {

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

openOptionsMenu();

}

3) Reset a timer

This shows the process when Reset is called in the Options Menu. Reset the service.

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case R.id.action_reset:
            intent.setAction(TimerService.ACTION_RESET);
            startService(intent);
            break;

@Override

public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);

switch (item.getItemId()) {

case R.id.action_reset:

intent.setAction(TimerService.ACTION_RESET);

startService(intent);

break;

4) Finish it

This shows the process when Exit is called in the Options Menu. Stop the service and finish the application.

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
...
            case R.id.action_exit:
                stopService(intent);
                finish();
                break;

@Override

public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);

switch (item.getItemId()) {

...

case R.id.action_exit:

stopService(intent);

finish();

break;

Once you get to here, the left is the service which processes the timer. One more step to go.

Making a timer service

Just write down as usual in the following way.

src/main/java/com/gmail/altakey/myapplication/TimerService.java:

package com.gmail.altakey.myapplication;
import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.SoundPool;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.PowerManager;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.util.Log;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;

public class TimerService extends Service {
    public static final String ACTION_START = "start";
    public static final String ACTION_RESET = "reset";
    public static final String ACTION_TIMEOUT = "timeout";
    public static final String ACTION_TICK = "tick";
    public static final String KEY_REMAINING = "remaining";
    public static final int STATE_RESET = 0;
    public static final int STATE_RUNNING = 1;
    public static final int STATE_BREAKING = 2;
    private static int sState = STATE_RESET;
    private static long sDueMillis = 0;
    private PendingIntent mDueIntent = null;
    private Timer mTimer = null;
    private Timer mIdleTimer = null;
    private Ticker mTicker = new Ticker(this);
    public static int getState() {
        return sState;
    }
    public static long getDueMillis() {
        return sDueMillis;
    }
    public static long getRemaining(long due) {
        if (due > 0) {
            return getDueMillis() - SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
        } else {
            return 25 * 60 * 1000;
        }
    }
    private static String TAG = "com.gmail.altakey.mint.timer.main";
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        mTicker.prepare();
        Log.d("TS", "created");
    }
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        mTicker.cleanup();
        reset();
        super.onDestroy();
    }
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        final String action = intent.getAction();
        Log.d("TS.oHI", String.format("state: %d, due: %d", sState, sDueMillis));
        updateView();
        wakeUp();
        if (ACTION_START.equals(action)) {
            start();
        } else if (ACTION_RESET.equals(action)) {
            reset();
            start();
        } else if (ACTION_TIMEOUT.equals(action)) {
            proceed();
        }
        if (sState == STATE_RESET) {
            if (mIdleTimer == null) {
                mIdleTimer = new Timer();
                mIdleTimer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        stopSelf();
                    }
                }, 90000);
            }
        } else {
            if (mIdleTimer != null) {
                mIdleTimer.cancel();
                mIdleTimer.purge();
                mIdleTimer = null;
            }
        }
        return START_NOT_STICKY;
    }
    private void wakeUp() {
        final PowerManager pm = (PowerManager)getSystemService(POWER_SERVICE);
        final PowerManager.WakeLock wl = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.FULL_WAKE_LOCK | PowerManager.ON_AFTER_RELEASE | PowerManager.ACQUIRE_CAUSES_WAKEUP, "screen_poke");
        try {
            wl.acquire();
        } finally {
            wl.release();
        }
    }
    private void startTimer(long intervalMillis, boolean for_break) {
        final AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
        resetTimer();
        sDueMillis = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + intervalMillis;
        final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);
        intent.setAction(ACTION_TIMEOUT);
        mDueIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);
        am.set(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP, sDueMillis, mDueIntent);
        mTimer = new Timer();
        mTimer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                updateView();
                mTicker.tick();
            }
        }, 1000, 1000);
    }
    private void resetTimer() {
        final AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
        if (mDueIntent != null) {
            am.cancel(mDueIntent);
            mDueIntent = null;
        }
        if (mTimer != null) {
            mTimer.cancel();
            mTimer.purge();
            mTimer = null;
        }
        sDueMillis = 0;
        updateView();
    }
    private void updateView() {
        final Intent data = new Intent(ACTION_TICK);
        data.putExtra(KEY_REMAINING, getRemaining(getDueMillis()));
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(data);
    }
    private void start() {
        if (sState == STATE_RESET) {
            startTimer(25 * 60 * 1000, false);
            sState = STATE_RUNNING;
        }
    }
    private void reset() {
        if (sState != STATE_RESET) {
            resetTimer();
            sState = STATE_RESET;
        }
    }
    private void proceed() {
        mTicker.bell();
        if (sState == STATE_RUNNING) {
            startTimer(5 * 60 * 1000, true);
            sState = STATE_BREAKING;
        } else {
            resetTimer();
            sState = STATE_RESET;
        }
    }
    private static class Ticker {
        private final Context mContext;
        private SoundPool mPool = null;
        private int mSoundTick = 0;
        private int mSoundBell = 0;
        public Ticker(final Context c) {
            mContext = c;
        }
        public void prepare() {
            if (mPool == null) {
                mPool = new SoundPool(2, AudioManager.STREAM_NOTIFICATION, 0);
                mSoundTick = mPool.load(mContext, R.raw.tick, 1);
                mSoundBell = mPool.load(mContext, R.raw.ring, 1);
            }
        }
        public void cleanup() {
            if (mPool != null) {
                mSoundTick = 0;
                mSoundBell = 0;
                mPool.release();
                mPool = null;
            }
        }
        public void tick() {
            if (mPool != null) {
                mPool.play(mSoundTick, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 0, 1.0f);
            }
        }
        public void bell() {
            if (mPool != null) {
                mPool.play(mSoundBell, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 1, 1.0f);
            }
        }
    }
}

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package com.gmail.altakey.myapplication;

import android.app.AlarmManager;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

import android.app.Service;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.media.AudioManager;

import android.media.SoundPool;

import android.os.IBinder;

import android.os.PowerManager;

import android.os.SystemClock;

import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;

import android.util.Log;

import java.util.Timer;

import java.util.TimerTask;

public class TimerService extends Service {

public static final String ACTION_START = "start";

public static final String ACTION_RESET = "reset";

public static final String ACTION_TIMEOUT = "timeout";

public static final String ACTION_TICK = "tick";

public static final String KEY_REMAINING = "remaining";

public static final int STATE_RESET = 0;

public static final int STATE_RUNNING = 1;

public static final int STATE_BREAKING = 2;

private static int sState = STATE_RESET;

private static long sDueMillis = 0;

private PendingIntent mDueIntent = null;

private Timer mTimer = null;

private Timer mIdleTimer = null;

private Ticker mTicker = new Ticker(this);

public static int getState() {

return sState;

}

public static long getDueMillis() {

return sDueMillis;

}

public static long getRemaining(long due) {

if (due > 0) {

return getDueMillis() - SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();

} else {

return 25 * 60 * 1000;

}

private static String TAG = "com.gmail.altakey.mint.timer.main";

@Override

public void onCreate() {

super.onCreate();

mTicker.prepare();

Log.d("TS", "created");

}

@Override

public void onDestroy() {

mTicker.cleanup();

reset();

super.onDestroy();

}

@Override

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

return null;

}

@Override

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

final String action = intent.getAction();

Log.d("TS.oHI", String.format("state: %d, due: %d", sState, sDueMillis));

updateView();

wakeUp();

if (ACTION_START.equals(action)) {

start();

} else if (ACTION_RESET.equals(action)) {

reset();

start();

} else if (ACTION_TIMEOUT.equals(action)) {

proceed();

}

if (sState == STATE_RESET) {

if (mIdleTimer == null) {

mIdleTimer = new Timer();

mIdleTimer.schedule(new TimerTask() {

@Override

public void run() {

stopSelf();

}

}, 90000);

}

} else {

if (mIdleTimer != null) {

mIdleTimer.cancel();

mIdleTimer.purge();

mIdleTimer = null;

}

return START_NOT_STICKY;

}

private void wakeUp() {

final PowerManager pm = (PowerManager)getSystemService(POWER_SERVICE);

final PowerManager.WakeLock wl = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.FULL_WAKE_LOCK | PowerManager.ON_AFTER_RELEASE | PowerManager.ACQUIRE_CAUSES_WAKEUP, "screen_poke");

try {

wl.acquire();

} finally {

wl.release();

}

private void startTimer(long intervalMillis, boolean for_break) {

final AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);

resetTimer();

sDueMillis = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + intervalMillis;

final Intent intent = new Intent(this, TimerService.class);

intent.setAction(ACTION_TIMEOUT);

mDueIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);

am.set(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP, sDueMillis, mDueIntent);

mTimer = new Timer();

mTimer.schedule(new TimerTask() {

@Override

public void run() {

updateView();

mTicker.tick();

}

}, 1000, 1000);

}

private void resetTimer() {

final AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);

if (mDueIntent != null) {

am.cancel(mDueIntent);

mDueIntent = null;

}

if (mTimer != null) {

mTimer.cancel();

mTimer.purge();

mTimer = null;

}

sDueMillis = 0;

updateView();

}

private void updateView() {

final Intent data = new Intent(ACTION_TICK);

data.putExtra(KEY_REMAINING, getRemaining(getDueMillis()));

LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(data);

}

private void start() {

if (sState == STATE_RESET) {

startTimer(25 * 60 * 1000, false);

sState = STATE_RUNNING;

}

private void reset() {

if (sState != STATE_RESET) {

resetTimer();

sState = STATE_RESET;

}

private void proceed() {

mTicker.bell();

if (sState == STATE_RUNNING) {

startTimer(5 * 60 * 1000, true);

sState = STATE_BREAKING;

} else {

resetTimer();

sState = STATE_RESET;

}

private static class Ticker {

private final Context mContext;

private SoundPool mPool = null;

private int mSoundTick = 0;

private int mSoundBell = 0;

public Ticker(final Context c) {

mContext = c;

}

public void prepare() {

if (mPool == null) {

mPool = new SoundPool(2, AudioManager.STREAM_NOTIFICATION, 0);

mSoundTick = mPool.load(mContext, R.raw.tick, 1);

mSoundBell = mPool.load(mContext, R.raw.ring, 1);

}

public void cleanup() {

if (mPool != null) {

mSoundTick = 0;

mSoundBell = 0;

mPool.release();

mPool = null;

}

public void tick() {

if (mPool != null) {

mPool.play(mSoundTick, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 0, 1.0f);

}

public void bell() {

if (mPool != null) {

mPool.play(mSoundBell, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 1, 1.0f);

}

Do not forget a declaration at AndroidManifest.xml.

<service android:name=".TimerService" />

1	<service android:name=".TimerService" />

Add resources

res/rawに2つのOgg Vorbisファイルを追加します。

ring.ogg: clicking sound

tick.ogg: ticking sound

Complete a prototype!

Let’s build and execute it. Does it start the countdown as soon as it is run? Does it display a menu when tapped, go back to 25 minutes with Reset, and stop the countdown with EXIT?

Someone who has done development with Eclipse has noticed it already. In Android Studio you can see errors, etc. in advance with underline markers. Even if the errors are still there, you can try to build and run it.

Let’s port this to a Glass actual device.